Respiratory diseases are primarily caused by inflammatory and immune responses of airway epithelial cells to inhaled external substances.
Continuous exposure to environmental irritants, particularly fine particulate matter, can induce airway and lung inflammation, leading to respiratory symptoms and an increased risk of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. As air quality continues to deteriorate, the prevalence of respiratory disorders is expected to increase.
Modulating airway epithelial inflammation and immune responses, especially in individuals who do not yet require pharmacological treatment, may help maintain normal bronchial function and support overall respiratory health.
ATG-E1 demonstrated protective effects in particulate matter–induced respiratory inflammation models by reducing immune cell infiltration, including neutrophils, and suppressing key inflammatory mediators such as CXCL-1, MIP-2, TNF-α, and IL-1α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. These effects were associated with protection against lung tissue damage. In addition, ATG-E1 reduced coughing and enhanced expectoration in animal models, supporting its potential role in maintaining airway health.